Here are Luxembourg’s top 10 merchandise export categories in 2024, totaling approximately US $15.64 billion in exports en.wikipedia.org+12tradingeconomics.com+12tradingeconomics.com+12:
| 🏅 Rank | Export Category (HS Chapter) | Value (2024) | % of Total Exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1️⃣ | Machinery, nuclear reactors & boilers (HS 84) | US $2.02 B | ~12.9% |
| 2️⃣ | Plastics & plastic articles (HS 39) | US $1.61 B | ~9.9% |
| 3️⃣ | Vehicles (non-railway) (HS 87) | US $1.58 B | ~9.8% |
| 4️⃣ | Iron & steel (HS 72) | US $1.31 B | ~8.4% |
| 5️⃣ | Articles of iron or steel (HS 73) | US $954 M | ~6.1% |
| 6️⃣ | Rubber & rubber products (HS 40) | US $772 M | ~4.9% |
| 7️⃣ | Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible products (HS 04) | US $737 M | ~4.7% |
| 8️⃣ | Electrical & electronic equipment (HS 85) | US $667 M | ~4.3% |
| 9️⃣ | Aluminum & aluminum articles (HS 76) | US $531 M | ~3.4% |
| 🔟 | Paper & paperboard articles (HS 48) | US $433 M | ~2.8% |
Wider goods categories under the top 10 include footwear (~US $313 M), pharmaceuticals (~US $254 M), wood products (~US $233 M), optical/medical equipment (~US $227 M), and alcoholic beverages (~US $192 M) worldstopexports.com+8tradingeconomics.com+8trendeconomy.com+8trendeconomy.com+1worldstopexports.com+1worldstopexports.com+3tendata.com+3trendeconomy.com+3.
📊 Key Insights
- Machinery (HS 84) tops the list (~12.9%), showcasing Luxembourg’s strength in industrial and mechanical goods.
- Plastics (HS 39) and Vehicles (HS 87) each contribute nearly 10%, reflecting robust manufacturing and assembly sectors.
- Combined iron & steel sectors (HS 72 + HS 73) account for ~14.5% of exports—significant for a small economy.
- Rubber, dairy, electronics, and aluminum round out the top-tier exports.
- The top 10 categories comprise ~66% of total exports, indicating a diversified yet manufacturing-heavy export base worldstopexports.com.
🌍 Context & Trade Balance
- In 2024, Luxembourg recorded a trade deficit of ~US $9.3 B (exports: US $15.6 B; imports: US $24.9 B), highlighting its role as a net goods importer trendeconomy.com+3tradingeconomics.com+3tradingeconomics.com+3.
- EU countries are primary partners, with Germany, France, and Belgium accounting for over 50% of export destinations tradeimex.in+2tradingeconomics.com+2tradingeconomics.com+2.
Here’s a detailed overview of Luxembourg’s exports in Machinery, Nuclear Reactors & Boilers (HS 84) for 2024, its largest merchandise export category:
⚙️ 1. Export Value & Ranking
- 2024 Exports: US $2.02 billion, making HS 84 the top export category (~12.9% of Luxembourg’s total exports of US $15.64 B) tradedata.pro+11da.tradingeconomics.com+11tradingeconomics.com+11.
- The 2023 figure was slightly higher at US $2.11 billion .
🌍 2. Leading Destinations (2023)
Luxembourg’s machinery exports are broadly diversified among developed economies:
- Germany – US $386 M (18.3% of HS 84 exports)
- France – $261 M (12.3%)
- Italy – $147 M (7.0%)
- Belgium – $134 M (6.4%)
- USA – $101 M (4.8%)
- Other noteworthy markets: Spain ($69 M), Poland ($63 M), Turkey ($62 M), India ($60 M), Netherlands ($57 M) tradingeconomics.comtrendeconomy.com.
🧩 3. Product Composition
HS 84 encompasses:
- Gas turbines (e.g., turbo-jets)
- Data-processing hardware
- Industrial machinery—valves, pumps, compressors, centrifuges
- Heat exchange equipment: boilers, furnace systems
- Transmission components: shafts, gears, clutches
These mirror the EU’s export profile, where major subcategories include gas turbines (HS 8411, 9.1%), data-processing machines, general machinery, and valves id.tradingeconomics.com+13trendeconomy.com+13reddit.com+13.
📉 4. Trade Trends & Insights
- HS 84 remains Luxembourg’s top export product class, although the value dipped slightly from 2023 ($2.11 B) to 2024 ($2.02 B) tradingeconomics.com.
- Luxembourg’s industrial sector remains focused on high-value mechanical and thermal equipment—supporting a strong niche in European supply chains.
- Destinations are well-aligned with Luxembourg’s economic orientation, emphasizing large industrial economies.
✅ Summary Table
| Metric | Value / Notes |
|---|---|
| 2024 HS 84 Exports | $2.02 B (~12.9% of total exports) |
| 2023 HS 84 Exports | $2.11 B |
| Largest Market – Germany | $386 M (18.3%) |
| Top 5 Destinations | Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, USA |
| Product Scope | Gas turbines, boilers, pumps, valves, data machines |
🔍 Key Takeaways
- Machinery & boilers form the core of Luxembourg’s manufacturing exports, with a consistent ~$2 B/year output.
- The country taps into high-value markets like Germany and France, benefiting from strong industrial and thermal equipment demand.
- Luxembourg parallels EU trade patterns in HS 84, emphasizing advanced machinery sectors.
Here’s a refined overview of Luxembourg’s “Plastics & Plastic Articles” (HS 39) exports for 2024, its 2nd-largest export category (~US $1.61 billion, ~10% of merchandise exports) luxtimes.lu+11tradingeconomics.com+11statista.com+11:
📦 1. Export Value & Ranking
- Total Exports (2024): US $1.61 billion, representing 9.9% of Luxembourg’s total exports (~US $15.64 b) .
- This placed HS 39 as the 2nd-largest export category after machinery .
2. 🎯 Major Export Markets
- United States: US $6.08 million in 2024—mainly plastic sheets/films, packaging articles, household goods, tubes, builders’ ware, and primary polymers reportlinker.com+12tradingeconomics.com+12tradingeconomics.com+12.
- India: US $1.27 million exported plastics in 2023, notably pipes/hoses, self-adhesive films, and packaging items tradingeconomics.com+1statista.com+1.
Luxembourg also exports significantly within Europe (Germany, France, Belgium), although specific HS 39 destinations aren’t individually cited.
3. 📊 Product Composition
From HS 39’s breadth, Luxembourg likely exports:
- Plastic sheets, films & self-adhesive rolls (e.g., HS 3919 listed at ~US $418 M in 2023) tradingeconomics.com+1trendeconomy.com+1tradingeconomics.com+9worldstopexports.com+9tradingeconomics.com+9.
- Packaging items like stoppers, containers.
- Builders’ ware (e.g., piping, profiles).
- Household articles (e.g., kitchenware, sanitary items).
- Tubes, hoses, fittings based on small-value trade with US/India reddit.com+15tradingeconomics.com+15reddit.com+15tradingeconomics.com+1tradingeconomics.com+1.
This aligns with Luxembourg’s export profile: HS 39 covers plastic sheets/films, packaging, household plasticware, and building articles tradingeconomics.com+3worldstopexports.com+3luxtimes.lu+3.
4. 📈 Industry Trend & Outlook
- Export trend: Plastic exports were £1.48 B in 2023 (~11%), increasing slightly to US $1.61 B (~9.9%) in 2024 .
- Domestic plastic market projections (2024–2028):
- Sales: €912 M in 2023 → €917 M by 2028 (+0.1% CAGR)
- Exports: $1.47 B → $1.59 B by 2028 (+1.3% CAGR)
- Imports: $1.47 B → $1.64 B by 2028 (+1.8% CAGR) reportlinker.com.
5. ♻️ Plastic Waste Exports
- Luxembourg exported over 24,000 tonnes of plastic waste annually, mainly to Germany (11k t), France (6.5k t), Netherlands (3.8k t), Belgium (2.8k t) in 2022 luxtimes.lu+1reddit.com+1.
- The country has strong internal recycling, with the rest of the waste being exported for recycling/incineration .
✅ Summary Table
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| 2024 Exports (HS 39) | US $1.61 B (~9.9% of exports) |
| US Market (2024) | US $6.08 M—film, packaging, householdware |
| Indian Market (2023) | US $1.27 M—pipes, films, packaging |
| Key Products | Sheets, films, packaging, builders’ ware |
| Export Outlook (to 2028) | Projected growth to US $1.59 B (+1.3% CAGR) |
| Waste plastic exports | 24k t/year, mainly to Germany & France |
🔍 Key Takeaways
- HS 39 is a key export driver for Luxembourg’s industrial sector, with a steady ~$1.6 B annual output.
- Main product groups include plastic sheets/films, packaging, building materials, and household plastics.
- Strong European and North American market presence, along with emerging exports to Asia.
- Luxembourg balances domestic recycling with cross-border plastic waste exports for processing.
- Moderate but stable medium-term export growth forecasted through 2028.
Here’s a focused analysis of Luxembourg’s exports in “Vehicles (non‑railway)” (HS 87) for 2023–2024:
🚗 1. Export Value & Ranking
- 2024 exports: US $1.58 billion, making HS 87 Luxembourg’s 3rd-largest goods export category, accounting for ~10% of total exports (~US $15.6 B) trendeconomy.com+9tradingeconomics.com+9tradingeconomics.com+9.
- 2023 exports: US $1.42 billion, capturing ~9.8% of total exports .
🌍 2. Major Export Destinations (2024)
- Germany: US $323 M in 2024, ranking as the top destination .
- France: US $390 M in 2023—Luxembourg’s top market for HS 87 tradingeconomics.com+10tradingeconomics.com+10trendeconomy.com+10.
- Poland: US $41.7 M in 2024 reddit.com+4reddit.com+4reddit.com+4.
- Spain: US $16.1 M in 2024 — multiple vehicle types: trailers, cars, parts .
- Global reach: Specialized export flows to Ukraine (52%), Russia (14%), Chile (9%)—from Sept 2023 to Aug 2024 volza.com.
🧩 3. Product Breakdown
Based on HS 87 structure and trade flow segments:
- Motor cars (HS 8703): US $812 M in 2023 (+17% YoY), ~4.97% of total exports tradingeconomics.com+3trendeconomy.com+3lloydsbanktrade.com+3.
- Trailers & semi-trailers (HS 8716): US $8 M exported to Spain in 2024 tradingeconomics.com.
- Vehicle parts & accessories (HS 8708): US $1.66 M exported to Spain in 2024; Luxembourg accounts for ~US $37 M in global HS 8716 parts exports (2023) .
- Public transport vehicles, motorcycles, goods transport vehicles: smaller volumes but still part of the mix .
📈 4. Trade Trends & Observations
- Motor car exports grew substantially in 2023 (+17%), to ~US $812 M .
- Vehicle-related exports to Ukraine/Russia/Chile reflect Luxembourg’s diverse market reach reddit.com+15volza.com+15tradingeconomics.com+15.
- HS 87 is a key export sector, though Luxembourg remains a net importer—vehicles top the goods import list (~US $3.7 B in 2024) .
✅ Summary Table
| Metric | Value (US M) |
|---|---|
| 2024 HS 87 Exports | 1,580 |
| % of Total Exports (2024) | ~10% |
| Top Destinations | Germany ($323M), France ($390M in 2023) |
| Motor Cars (HS 8703, 2023) | $812M (+17% YoY) |
| Trailers, Semi-trailers (HS 8716) | $8M to Spain (2024) |
| Vehicle Parts (HS 8708) | $1.66M to Spain (2024); $37M global (2023) |
| Imports (HS 87) | $3.7B in 2024 |
🔍 Key Takeaways
- HS 87 ranks third in Luxembourg’s export profile, led by motor car shipments.
- European markets (Germany, France, Poland, Spain) dominate export volumes.
- Global reach extends to Eastern Europe & Latin America.
- Luxembourg serves as a vehicle exporter and parts hub, even while importing far more vehicles than it exports.
Here’s a focused analysis of Luxembourg’s exports in “Vehicles (non‑railway)” (HS 87) for 2023–2024:
🚗 1. Export Value & Ranking
- 2024 exports: US $1.58 billion, making HS 87 Luxembourg’s 3rd-largest goods export category, accounting for ~10% of total exports (~US $15.6 B) trendeconomy.com+9tradingeconomics.com+9tradingeconomics.com+9.
- 2023 exports: US $1.42 billion, capturing ~9.8% of total exports .
🌍 2. Major Export Destinations (2024)
- Germany: US $323 M in 2024, ranking as the top destination .
- France: US $390 M in 2023—Luxembourg’s top market for HS 87 tradingeconomics.com+10tradingeconomics.com+10trendeconomy.com+10.
- Poland: US $41.7 M in 2024 reddit.com+4reddit.com+4reddit.com+4.
- Spain: US $16.1 M in 2024 — multiple vehicle types: trailers, cars, parts .
- Global reach: Specialized export flows to Ukraine (52%), Russia (14%), Chile (9%)—from Sept 2023 to Aug 2024 volza.com.
🧩 3. Product Breakdown
Based on HS 87 structure and trade flow segments:
- Motor cars (HS 8703): US $812 M in 2023 (+17% YoY), ~4.97% of total exports tradingeconomics.com+3trendeconomy.com+3lloydsbanktrade.com+3.
- Trailers & semi-trailers (HS 8716): US $8 M exported to Spain in 2024 tradingeconomics.com.
- Vehicle parts & accessories (HS 8708): US $1.66 M exported to Spain in 2024; Luxembourg accounts for ~US $37 M in global HS 8716 parts exports (2023) .
- Public transport vehicles, motorcycles, goods transport vehicles: smaller volumes but still part of the mix .
📈 4. Trade Trends & Observations
- Motor car exports grew substantially in 2023 (+17%), to ~US $812 M .
- Vehicle-related exports to Ukraine/Russia/Chile reflect Luxembourg’s diverse market reach reddit.com+15volza.com+15tradingeconomics.com+15.
- HS 87 is a key export sector, though Luxembourg remains a net importer—vehicles top the goods import list (~US $3.7 B in 2024) .
✅ Summary Table
| Metric | Value (US M) |
|---|---|
| 2024 HS 87 Exports | 1,580 |
| % of Total Exports (2024) | ~10% |
| Top Destinations | Germany ($323M), France ($390M in 2023) |
| Motor Cars (HS 8703, 2023) | $812M (+17% YoY) |
| Trailers, Semi-trailers (HS 8716) | $8M to Spain (2024) |
| Vehicle Parts (HS 8708) | $1.66M to Spain (2024); $37M global (2023) |
| Imports (HS 87) | $3.7B in 2024 |
🔍 Key Takeaways
- HS 87 ranks third in Luxembourg’s export profile, led by motor car shipments.
- European markets (Germany, France, Poland, Spain) dominate export volumes.
- Global reach extends to Eastern Europe & Latin America.
- Luxembourg serves as a vehicle exporter and parts hub, even while importing far more vehicles than it exports.
Here’s a detailed overview of Luxembourg’s “Iron & Steel” exports (HS 72) for 2024, ranked as the country’s 4th-largest merchandise export category:
📦 1. Export Value & Ranking
- 2024 Exports: US $1.31 billion in iron & steel, making HS 72 the 4th-highest export category, accounting for roughly 8.4% of total exports (~US $15.6 B) tradingeconomics.com+3tradingeconomics.com+3trendeconomy.com+3reddit.com.
🌍 2. Export Destinations
🇩🇪 Germany
- Luxembourg’s largest HS 72 partner, importing US $319 million worth in 2024 (~24% of HS 72 exports).
- Main products shipped to Germany include:
- Angles, shapes & sections of non‑alloy steel: US $260.8 M
- Stainless steel bars, rods: US $16.2 M
- Iron/steel wire: US $10.9 M
- Ferrous scrap: US $8.9 M
- Other products—flat-roll stainless, hot-rolled steel etc.—in smaller volumes reddit.com+2tradingeconomics.com+2tradingeconomics.com+2.
🇨🇳 China
- Exported only US $5.5 M in HS 72 in 2023, mainly angles/shapes of non-alloy steel wits.worldbank.org.
Other notable partners
- Belgium, France, Italy each accounted for tens of millions in HS 72 trade trendeconomy.com+3wits.worldbank.org+3tradingeconomics.com+3.
⚖️ 3. Industry Context & Price Trends
- Luxembourg’s average export price for raw steel & pig iron dropped to about US $524/ton in 2023 (–76% YoY) indexbox.io+1data.un.org+1.
- By contrast, import prices for similar materials remained at US $1,257/ton in 2023 indexbox.io—indicating significant markup on imported steel used in processing and re-export.
🏭 Domestic Landscape
- The steel sector, historically significant (e.g., Arcelor), remains a core part of Luxembourg’s industry data.un.org+14en.wikipedia.org+14reddit.com+14.
- However, it now represents a smaller share of economic output, with production focused on value-added rolling/machining rather than large-scale primary steelmaking .
✅ Summary Table
| Metric | Value / Details |
|---|---|
| 2024 HS 72 Export Value | US $1.31 B (~8.4%) |
| Largest Market – Germany | US $319 M (24% of HS 72 exports) |
| – Angles/shapes (steel sections) | US $260.8 M |
| – Stainless steel bars & rods | US $16.2 M |
| Export Price (2023) | ~US $524/ton |
| Import Price (2023) | ~US $1,257/ton |
| Historical importance | Steel remains key but largely in rolling/processing data.un.org+1trendeconomy.com+1data.un.org+3tradingeconomics.com+3trendeconomy.com+3tradingeconomics.comtradingeconomics.com+1tradingeconomics.com+1eximtradedata.com+2indexbox.io+2ec.europa.eu+2ec.europa.eu |
🔍 Key Takeaways
- Luxembourg ranks 4th in HS 72 exports among its export categories, specializing in processed steel goods.
- Germany is the primary market, especially for steel profiles and shapes.
- The large discrepancy between import and export prices indicates that Luxembourg heavily processes imported steel (e.g., rolling, forming) before exporting it.
- Though steel no longer dominates Luxembourg’s economy, the industry maintains strategic relevance in the value-added manufacturing sector.
Here’s a detailed look at Luxembourg’s exports in Aluminum & Aluminum Articles (HS 76) for 2024, ranked as its 9th-largest export category, with exports totaling approximately US $531 million (~3.4% of total exports) trendeconomy.com:
🏭 1. Export Value & Trend
- 2023 exports of aluminum (HS 76): US $573 M .
- Based on 2024 volumes to major destinations, full-year exports are estimated around US $531 M (third quarter-based), accounting for ~3–4% of Luxembourg’s total exports.
🌍 2. Key Destinations & Products
🇩🇪 Germany
- US $165.9 M in 2024 tradingeconomics.com, including:
- Unwrought aluminum: US $131.7 M
- Foil ≤2 mm: US $19.3 M
- Structures & parts, waste, sheets, and various articles tradingeconomics.com+11tradingeconomics.com+11tradingeconomics.com+11.
🇫🇷 France
- US $92.2 M in 2024 , covering:
- Unwrought aluminum (US $46.3 M)
- Casks/drums (US $25.7 M)
- Foil, rods, scrap, structures, household articles tradingeconomics.com+2tradingeconomics.com+2tradingeconomics.com+2trendeconomy.com+4tradingeconomics.com+4tradingeconomics.com+4.
🇺🇸 United States
- US $50.6 M in 2023 eur-lex.europa.eu+9tradingeconomics.com+9tradingeconomics.com+9, primarily:
- Aluminum foil (US $50.4 M), with minor rods and containers .
🧩 3. Product Composition (Aggregated)
Based on customs data and trade reports:
- Unwrought aluminum (HS 7601): Bulk shipments to Germany and France.
- Aluminum foil ≤2 mm (HS 7607): Major exports to Germany, France, and US.
- Structures & parts (HS 7610): Use in construction and industrial applications.
- Casks, drums, boxes (HS 7612): Notably to France.
- Bars, sheets, tubes, household articles, scrap: Smaller but consistent volumes reddit.com+11tradingeconomics.com+11tradingeconomics.com+11.
📈 4. Trade Dynamics
- Exports peaked in 2023 (~US $573 M) with aluminum ranking 9th among exports. 2024 data shows a slight dip (~US $531 M).
- Domestic recycling support: Luxembourg both exports and imports aluminum waste and scrap (e.g., ~$21 M imported from Belgium in 2023) tradingeconomics.com+1veritradecorp.com+1.
- Value chain orientation: Focus is on semi-finished and fabricated aluminum rather than raw metal export.
✅ Summary Table
| Metric | Data |
|---|---|
| 2023 Export Total | US $573 M |
| 2024 Estimate (by Q3 extrapolated) | US $531 M (~3.4% of total exports) |
| Top Destinations | Germany ($165.9M), France ($92.2M), USA ($50.6M) |
| Major HS Subheads | 7601, 7607, 7610–12 (foil, unwrought, scrap, structures) |
| Pattern | Processed/fabricated products > raw exports |
🔍 Key Insights
- Luxembourg is a moderate exporter of aluminum goods, focusing on value-added forms like foil, structures, and containers.
- Bulk export destinations are regional EU partners (Germany, France), followed by the US and others.
- The economy shows circularity, importing scrap for recycling while exporting finished products.
- Export volumes are stabilizing, with a slight decrease in 2024 reflecting market shifts.
Here’s a refined overview of Luxembourg’s exports of “Paper & Paperboard; Articles of Pulp, Paper & Board” (HS 48):
📦 1. Export Value & Ranking
- 2024 exports: US $433 million, ranking HS 48 as Luxembourg’s 10th-largest export category—representing ~2.8% of total goods exports (~US $15.6 b) oec.world+15tradingeconomics.com+15trendeconomy.com+15.
- 2023 exports were higher at US $493 million, indicating a modest decline this year .
🧾 2. Main Product Types
Luxembourg’s HS 48 exports include:
- Self-adhesive paper and paperboard (e.g., tape, labels): ~US $493 M in 2022 trademo.com+1trademo.com+1.
- Tarred/bituminized paperboard (HS 481110).
- Uncoated graphic paper/printing paper (HS 480269).
- Miscellaneous articles of pulp, paper, board, including cellulose wadding/webs (HS 4823) trendeconomy.com+11trademo.com+11in.thedollarbusiness.com+11trademo.com.
This highlights a focus on packaging materials and technical specialty papers.
🌍 3. Key Export Destinations
- Mexico notably buys self‑adhesive paper rolls (HS 48114102); five shipments (~3.5 t) in mid‑2023–2024 trendeconomy.com+3volza.com+3assets.publishing.service.gov.uk+3.
- Luxembourg also trades paperboard materials with neighboring EU countries, although detailed bilateral data isn’t available here.
📉 4. Trends & Context
- Exports fell ~12% from 2023 to 2024, signaling slightly weakened demand or shifts in product mix.
- HS 48 remains a meaningful medium-tier category (~$0.4B) alongside Luxembourg’s leading manufacturing sectors.
- Increased self-adhesive paper exports reflect a specialty packaging niche, rather than commodity-level paper.
✅ Summary Table
| Feature | Value / Notes |
|---|---|
| 2024 HS 48 Exports | US $433 M (~2.8% of total exports) |
| 2023 HS 48 Exports | US $493 M |
| Leading Subcategory | Self‑adhesive paperboard (~US $493 M in 2022) |
| Niche Products | Tarred paper, graphic paper, pulp webs |
| Export Trend | Decline of ~12% year-over-year |
| Example Market | Mexico (adhesive rolls, HS 48114102) |
🔍 Key Insights
- Luxembourg’s paperboard export strength lies in specialized and industrial-use paper products, like tapes and adhesive labels.
- The recent dip in export value suggests market adjustments but overall exports remain solid around US $400M.
- The paper category is highly niche-oriented, distinguishing Luxembourg’s approach from bulk commodity paper exporters.
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